%PDF-1.6 % In all sections, the value of all imaging modalities are stressed. In the course of surveying the 'wide canvas' of evidence I have reviewed the evidence of the mother, the father and the grandmother. It is remarkable that these and in particular the hospital appointment of 13th October did not reveal or suggest the presence of fractures, nor did they raise any element of suspicion about the parents. greater confidence in managing the imaging of an acutely unwell child. The book is an important revision aid as well as an up-to-date reference. But the drama turned into a nightmare when they were accused of having deliberately harmed their little boy. 31. Dr. Foster spent two and a half years working in paediatricsbefore moving into radiology. It is very easy to try and fill those areas of ignorance with what we know but I think that it is very important to accept that we do not necessarily have a sufficient understanding to explain every case.". Their evidence would have to be regarded as a tissue of lies and their manner of dealing with S would need to have been abusive, violent to the point of sadism, and the subject of a conspiracy of silence given the unlikelihood of such conduct being committed in secret or the strength of S's reaction passing unnoticed. She was born in 1979. Dr. Karl Johnson is a Consultant Paediatric Radiologist at Birmingham Children's Hospital, and has been there since 1998. 44. I come to the conclusion that Dr Fairhurst's evidence as to the identification of the injuries is, taken as a whole, and in the light of all the evidence and my acceptance of Dr Fairhurst's evidence in her own field of specialism, reliable and acceptable. 57 0 obj <>stream The father said in oral evidence that S developed a pattern of crying after 3 to 4 weeks old, particularly in the evenings. We wanted to be able to name expert witnesses in order to help all those other families who are going through what we went through.". Within each chapter there are three consistent sections. All this with the inherent complexities of the medical evidence meant that much time was taken up and the father's evidence could not be taken until the court could reconvene on 12th September 2012. Book reviewed by Sana Ali, ST5 paediatric radiology, and Dr Karl Johnson, 's Hospital. But in the light of all that is known about the parents and from my impression of them in evidence balanced against all that is submitted and produced by the local authority it is not likely, in my judgment, that her injuries were caused by non-accidental force. Whilst noting Dr Fairhurst's views as to when the fractures occurred and the windows for probability as she saw them, I have taken account of the extended period over which the fractures were identified. In this case the local authority brings proceedings for Public Law orders relating to S, born on 18th July 2011. Her research interests are in the imaging of suspected child abuse and skeletal dysplasias and in methods of determining which children have fragile bones prone to fracture and which do not. He found it was not possible to conclude at what point normal day to day handling crossed over to the point when S's vulnerable bone structure was compromised and exceeded. When to refer and why Dr Rajendranath Sinha, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust 11. It was noted that the parents were unsure how the fracture may have happened and there had been no recent accidents of falls. Dr. Johnson is presently the Chair of theBritish Society of Paediatric Radiology. Ms Baldrighi, Back to top of page He confirmed the presence of the humeral fractures and rib fractures and, following further X-rays, identified what he thought was a healing fracture of the proximal left tibia. (8) It is not unreasonable to assume that S's levels would have been at 21 nanomls per litre in pregnancy. Their care of the children has been observed as of high quality. The parents had first presented S to A local hospital on 13th October 2011 with a referral from her GP to the paediatric team at the local hospital with swelling of her left knee. He identified irregularity in the distal left femur in an earlier X-ray taken on 13th October 2011, but after further scans concluded that there was no fracture of the distal left femur. He asserts that he had not witnessed the mother or grandmother behave in this way and did not believe they would have done so when he was not present. She was described as remaining "settled in A&E, observations in normal range, apyrexial." The history squares rather more comfortably with the account given by the father in his statement than in his oral evidence. View more radiologists birmingham Consultations Consultations Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, England. At 6.20pm on 13 October 2011, S was brought to the local hospital, with the presenting complaint "swollen left knee started yesterday." The father had come to the UK in December 1999 as a student. He had known his wife (the mother) since 1990. The maternal grandmother ('the grandmother') is also a party, as she was present in the family home at the material time, and has been represented by Miss Trustman. 012 133. Recurrence is not in itself probative;iii. The mother, father and grandmother all said that Infacol did eventually help for a time before her crying became worse again.15. The parents did not return her, the Father stating that by Sunday [14th October] she was "back to normal". I accept that the parents have displayed the same level of alertness for S as to her medical needs when they became aware that there was something wrong, as they saw it. Extensive high quality images throughout the book, and additional illustrations, aid the reader with diagnosis and detailed referencing points to further reading. In his second report after reviewing the outcome of the medical investigations after his original report he held to the view that there was a high suspicion for a non-accidental causation. courses@infomedltd.co.uk+44(0)20 4520 5081. Dr. Karl Johnson is a Consultant Paediatric Radiologist at Birmingham Children's Hospital, and has been there since 1998. The family's nightmare began one night in July 2005 when, at three months old, William woke up in pain. The memories of the parents were assiduously and closely examined by all counsel and compared with the notes written at the time.28. Three days: 375 | Two days: 295 | One day: 175 14. Akin, MD, Diagnostic Radio Because William's parents were unable to explain the fracture the hospital deemed the case suspicious and called in social services. Mr Johnson, who is chairman of the British Society of Paediatric Radiology and works as a consultant at Birmingham Children's Hospital, told police that in his view William had suffered repeated fractures and had a history of being abused. 36. Earlier records that day mention mother and father being present. Paediatric Radiology opens with a chapter devoted to the different imaging modalities, including radiographs, fluroscopy, ultrasoound, CT, MRI and nuclear scintigraphy before moving on to more detailed, systems-based chapters. 2. He denies causing any of the injuries and in turn denies the specific causation of each injury. Judge Isobel Plumstead finally concluded that Mr and Mrs Ward presented no threat to William, declaring in her judgement: "There is no cogent evidence that these parents injured their son.". On 17 August 2011, S was taken to the clinic at 4 weeks old to be weighed. I have noted the entries in the records for 19th October when S was seen at the clinic to be weighed and that 'Nothing untoward was reported' also the entry on 20th October when S was brought to the GP surgery and given her immunisation injections and reported as 'fractious and miserable but not hugely distressed.' On being released on bail they were immediately suspended from their jobs. This is case-based course designed for all General Radiologists and Radiologists based at the DGHs who are increasingly having to report paediatric imaging, an opportunity to attend a complete update of the main key topics on 3 consecutive days a complete CPD package. It is not possible to know which incidents or movements caused or gave rise to force sufficient to bring about fractures. Karl John Johnson Radiologist Steelhouse Lane, B4 6Nh, Birmingham, England. No temperature. He has extensive experience and a mature knowledge of research done in this field. EiSNZw_EQL{.y@^y|jJ%5* dN%] w;t|9"v@v(5>S@k 0 T- If S were to be found responsible he offered the view that that would imply very poor supervision of T over a period of time. Mr Sami Al-Ani In the last week of the last Parliamentary session the judgement was rubber stamped into law. The case against the Wards also relied on the view of Dr David Vickers, a community paediatrician, that if no obvious explanation could be found for an injury then child abuse was likely. Father said that he was told it was likely that she would get a high temperature and her thighs might swell. On the contrary, the evidence appears to demonstrate that the parents had the wellbeing of S in mind and acted to seek medical attention. This company officer is, or was, associated with at least 1 company roles. All the family carers accept therefore that they are in the potential pool of perpetrators as they were all involved in her care, but they deny inflicting injuries upon her. They could offer no explanation as to how the fractures may have happened. This appeared to be strong evidence that William had been abused several times in his short life. Consultant Paediatric Radiologist, Chair of Paediatric Musculoskeletal Imaging, Chair, University of Sheffield's Black, Asian, and other Minority Ethnic (BAME) Staff Network, University of Sheffield and Sheffield Children's Hospital. General radiologists and senior radiology trainees Radiologists with an interest in Paediatric Radiology The content Ten sessions over two days: Head and Neck Chest Gastrointestinal Genito-urinary MSK: Non-Traumatic Inflicted Injury: Brain MSK 1: Traumatic (inc Inflicted Injury) MSK 2: Differential diagnosis Inflicted Injury: A Medico-Legal Update The father maintains that there could be some natural explanation for S's injuries.38. Apyrexial. At one week she was seen by the Community Nurse and was reported to be "thriving, contented and settling well." Chair: Dr Ian Zealley Panel: Dr Richard FitzGerald, Vice-President, Clinical Radiology, The Royal College of Radiologists, Dr Paul McCoubrie, Southmead Hospital, Bristol and . Find Dr. Thomas's phone number, address, hospital affiliations and more. The father is unable to explain how S sustained the fracture to her left arm; however, he accepts that only he, mother and grandmother were caring for S during this time; he therefore accepts that this fracture would have occurred while S was in their care. This judgment relates to the fact finding hearing concerned with the causation of a number of bone fractures sustained by S at about the age of three months. Her weight gain was recorded as normal. The Wards were only allowed to take William home with them when they agreed to be supervised 24 hours a day by Mr Ward's parents, who had to relocate from Devon to move into the couple's home. On 16 September 2011, S was seen for her 6-week check. sub-optimal bones that have not yet developed radiological signs of rickets; (6) I note that she was not in a position to give an expert opinion on metabolic bone disease which she identified as a very complex subject beyond the radiological aspect and that she would defer to a metabolic expert; (7) she accepted that the lack of evidence for fractures occurring in patients with lower than normal levels of Vitamin D (who did not have radiological evidence of rickets) is the current state of research and acknowledged that there is a need for more study to be done; she further accepted that this is a developing and controversial area of medicine; (8) I noted that it is accepted by all medical experts that it is unknown what level of force would be required to cause the injuries in a baby that had a Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency; understandably it is not possible for experiments to be carried out. %%EOF Arrested, charged by police and threatened with having their child taken away by Cambridgeshire county council's social workers, it took two years for the Wards to clear their name. Further X-rays revealed what appeared to be three more fractures and an injury to his arm. Tell us your views in a simple 5 minute survey to help us make the service even better. I have noted the words of Butler-Sloss P in Re U: Re B (Serious injury; standard of proof) [2004] 2 FLR 263 and the court's responsibility to survey a 'wide canvas' and in Re L [2011] EWCA Civ 1705 that 'Clearly from the forensic standpoint given any degree of uncertainty in the medical and scientific field the judge's appraisal and confidence in the parent is absolutely crucial to the outcome.' However, in due course Dr Joanna Fairhurst, consultant paediatric radiologist, identified fractures to the left upper arm, right lower arm, distal left femur, left tibia, right tibia, and two rib fractures. I have also noted in relation to the injuries that it is 'always open to a judge to rule that the cause of the injury remains unknown' and the case of Re R (Care proceedings: causation) [2011] EWHC 1715, a decision of Mr Justice Hedley. The main functions of MRI are as follows: a. early diagnosis of CADM and fasciitis; b. differential diagnosis with other types of myopathies, such as congenital myopathy; c. locating the site for. He indicated that in addition to the spiral fracture of the upper left arm, healing fractures of the left anterior 8th and 9th ribs were noted, with the amount of callus "suggesting that these fractures are not acute". Interactive discussions, trauma and non-trauma cases, what is relevant and significant, and take home messages that will change your reporting practice, a practical and comprehensive case based update on the interpretation and reporting of general paed radiology as well as of suspected inflicted injuries. Dr. Thomas' office is located at 2204 Lakeshore Dr, Birmingham . AbeBooks.com: Paediatric Radiology (Oxford Specialist Handbooks in Paediatrics) (9780199204793) by Johnson, Karl; Williams, Helen; Foster, Katharine; Miller, Claire and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at great prices. As to the grandmother, she gave evidence by Skype from Sri Lanka and as I have earlier said her evidence was subject to unavoidable and unfortunate technical difficulties. Interpretation & Reporting Webinar for the General Radiologist, DAY 1: GENERAL PAEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY - WEDNESDAY 9 FEBRUARY 2022 The report states that S: 'cried a lot last few weeksMore over last 2 weeks and then doesn't want to be fedTends to cry more in the eveningHave used Infacol under advice from the H/V but no improvement yet. The parents' first child T was born on 14th February 2008. Notwithstanding that, I formed the impression that she was seeking to assist the court. DAY 2: EMERGENCY PAEDIATRIC IMAGING - THURSDAY 10 FEBRUARY 2022 The parents/grandparent who did not inflict the injuries on each occasion to S failed to protect her. I go into detail on the background facts to this case which important in my consideration because they form part of the 'wide canvas' mentioned by the President Lady Butler-Sloss in the case of Re U (Serious injury: standard of proof) [2004] 2 FLR 63. She refers to the fact that in relation to allegation 3, 4, 5 and 6 the mother had noticed the child's discomfort and taken S to the Medical Centre and then on to the Accident and Emergency Unit at the local hospital where S was examined by a paediatrician and X-rayed, following which she was told that everything was normal and she was discharged. Dr Neil Stoodley, Consultant Neuroradiologist, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children Dr Caren Landes, Consultant Paediatric Radiologist, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool Dr Karl Johnson, Consultant Paediatric Radiologist, Birmingham Children's Hospital Dr Sally Old, Medical Defence Union She presented with no bony injury and was discharged. The second section discusses the differential diagnosis of radiological features. Gordon Jeyes, director of children's services at Cambridgeshire county council until this year, defended his department's decision to press ahead with its application to remove William from his parents' care. N and D appeared able to actively provide a high level of basic care for their children.'. I note in particular the five times when she was seen at medical appointments when she was said to be suffering fractures. Hence attendance at A&E.". I would thank all advocates for their very careful written submissions. At that point a number of problems faced the court. hb```e``rg OP#0p4 B1 SGVp_Cb&ow!4MlPU What followed next led, eventually, to the diagnosis of a fracture in S's left upper arm. Any specialty The Father said in evidence that when the hospital phoned on Monday morning, his wife told them that S was "fine".21. (On examination) Crying ++. On the balance of probability T could not have caused the injuries to S either by (a) jumping on the family bed whilst S was lying on it or (b) pulling her bouncy chair when she was in it. If there is some innate contradiction in that sentence it appears that the latter part of that sentence represents the stronger conclusion. Paediatric Radiology opens with a chapter devoted to the different imaging modalities, including radiographs, fluroscopy, ultrasound, CT, MRI and nuclear scintigraphy before moving on to more detailed, systems-based chapters. 0 Her expertise within paediatric radiology covers the full range of imaging modalities including plain X-ray, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, and nuclear medicine. 0121 472 1377. endstream endobj startxref He also is an expert of considerable renown. They both appear to value education and a need to promote this ethos with their children. As a result of her expertise she receives both regional and national referrals for review of musculoskeletal imaging from radiological and clinical colleagues with an emphasis on imaging in cases of suspected inflicted injury. The GP's entry records "crying, excessive ? The father states that S cried more than usual and that this was reported to medical professionals on 20th October 2011 and 22nd October 2011. Consultant Paediatric Radiologist and Service Group Lead for Radiology, Alder Hey Childrens Hospital, Liverpool, UK. Dad says that [she] has been miserable all day no temperature". Site map, Please rate your experience out of 5 (with 5 being the highest and 1 being the lowest), Birmingham Women's Hospital Dr. Katharine Foster is a paediatric radiologist and has been working at the Birmingham Children's Hospital for two years, following a fellowship year at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. I have noted the reported reactions of T to the birth of S. I have considered S's early developmental history after her birth; also the arrival when S was about 10 days old of the maternal grandmother from Sri Lanka to help the mother look after the children. s Pediatric Diagnostic Imaging textbook is renowned as one of the oldest and most prominent general textbooks in the field of paediatric text consists of two reasonably sized volumes covering all key areas using an intuitive systems-based approach. The Consultant Paediatrician, as the locum consultant paediatrician at the local NHS trust, described himself as a 'relatively recently qualified paediatric consultant.' Lovely baby." The record shows "baby crying and unsettled today. 41. S could not have been injured when in a bouncy chair from normal use. A week later William was placed on the council's child protection register. (3) It is not known why some patients with rickets become hypocalcaemic, one of the clinical pictures of rickets or Vitamin D deficiency, and why in some patients with rickets patients have fractures, some have two or three, others have none. She also offered the view that the fractures were likely to have occurred on three separate occasions; the constellation of injuries was in her opinion highly indicative of non-accidental injury. In my shorter version of this judgment on 14 January 2013 I provided as clear an indication as I could to the relief, I am quite sure, of the parents of the way in which my mind had worked. By his statement, the father records that on Friday 21st October 2011, the parents noticed that S was moving her left arm less than usual, not stretching to touch her legs, crying on and off something that they believed was from the discomfort of the immunisation the previous day. While the mother, in oral evidence, did not accept that she had noticed S was "not moving her arm" the previous day, although it is clearly noted by two different clinicians, she was very clear that neither she, her husband or her mother had done anything to S, nor could she remember any episode when she had cried more.27. I therefore come to the conclusion that the local authority has not discharged the burden of proof on the balance of probabilities. I have examined the process by which the fractures were discovered and that it was not until the report of Dr Fairhurst, consultant paediatric radiologist, of 13th February 2012 that the full extent of the injuries alleged to have been sustained by S were revealed and her report included three new areas of injury not seen or confirmed by earlier reports. Both gave compelling evidence that, in particular, the rib fractures suffered to the baby could only be caused by " excessive/abusive squeezing" or "gripping of the chest". 42. &/6kc`&EnFl! h~aka }mfh{p#P\fv}Clh+r9>XY7U&l5 tfL(h~)=O.szywUafH9!dN2-bs4XW+w2?b;NWNl 5ybc i20 V*a Qjff`# 2E,C\v{:]nJI'G,6]$kBEGs0XX'O-J(|- KTg}LzgNY Country Interactive case-based approach using a powerful online DICOM viewer to maximise learning. Considerable renown Birmingham children & # x27 ; s Hospital, and Dr Karl is... Least 1 company roles, at three months old, William woke up pain. And why Dr Rajendranath Sinha, the father in his short life taken the... T was born on 18th July 2011 the stronger conclusion August 2011, was... Local authority brings proceedings for Public Law orders relating to s, born on February! With their children. ' book, and has been observed as of high quality offer no explanation to! Oral evidence been miserable all day no temperature '' ) 20 4520 5081 and! 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